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Process Lifecycle

Easy+12 XP

Watch one process travel its whole life: New → Ready ⇄ Running → Terminated, with detours to Waiting.

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Press Run to begin.

A process doesn't just run from start to finish — on a busy computer it's constantly paused and resumed. Press Run and follow one process through its states as the OS shares the CPU.

Why doesn't a process just run straight through?

Because the CPU is shared. Many processes want it, so the OS lets each run for a little while, then pauses it and lets another go. Your process keeps bouncing between 'Ready' (waiting its turn) and 'Running' (its turn now).

What's the difference between Ready and Waiting?

Ready means 'I could run right now, I just need the CPU' — it's in line for its turn. Waiting means 'I can't run yet even if offered the CPU, because I need something first' (like a file loading). A waiting process must go back to Ready before it can run again.

Why can't a Waiting process jump straight back to Running?

Fairness. When the thing it needed arrives, it rejoins the Ready line and waits its turn like everyone else — otherwise it could cut ahead of processes that have been patiently ready the whole time.

Who decides when it moves from Ready to Running?

The scheduler — a part of the OS whose whole job is picking which Ready process runs next. That's the very next topic: CPU scheduling.

🧠A process moves through states: New → Ready → Running, with detours to Waiting when it needs something, and finally Terminated. The Ready ⇄ Running bounce is the OS sharing the CPU among many processes.
the process's current stateterminated (finished)